Seeking clear skies and quiet, astronomers put telescopes on U.S. Moon lander
https://www.science.org/content/article/seeking-clear-skies-and-quiet-astronomers-put-telescopes-u-s-moon-lander
Excerpt: Small scopes on IM-1 mission would be first optical and radio observatories on the lunar surface. ...Astronomers have long eyed the Moon as a good spot to do their work. Its far side, protected from Earth’s hectic radio noise, is perfect for picking up faint signals from the distant universe. To see infrared signals ... Put the telescope into one of the deep craters at the lunar poles that never receive any sunlight and its sensors will benefit from the crater’s permanent chill....